Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments follow the main text of the article and usually contain acknowledgment of people and/or funding as well as the present or updated address of the author(s). In proof it is set in 9/10 text, with no heading. If the author's manuscript has the words "ACKNOWLEDGMENTS" as a heading, delete it.

The Acknowledgments section usually contains a paragraph listing acknowlegments of people and/or a paragraph listing present address(es) of author(s). Acknowledgments of grants and disclosures are in a separate section.

Acknowledgments of People

Delete "want," "would like to," "wish to," and similar expressions before "thank," "acknowledge," etc.

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We would like to thank B. Smith for assistance with statistical analysis.

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We thank B. Smith for assistance with statistical analysis.

Authors should be identified by initials and last name only; other people mentioned in acknowledgments may be referred to by full name.

Delete social titles (Mr., Miss, Ms., Mrs., and their foreign equivalents), BUT, if provided, abbreviations of titles for professors (Prof.), doctors (Dr.), or military ranks (Col., Capt., etc.) may be used in addition to the full name or initials and last name.

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The author thanks N. Olsen for her technical assistance and J. Broton and H. Jensen for their comments and suggestions.

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The author thanks N. Olsen for technical assistance and J. Broton and H. Jensen for comments and suggestions.

Credit for technical assistance may appear here or on the title page, depending on its placement by the author, but not in both places. If it appears on title page, delete it in the acknowledgments section.

The authors thank the subjects whose participation made this study possible. G. Farese, J. Gal, B. Scott, and L. Trad provided technical assistance; B. Ruscio provided transportation of the subjects; and C. Fulcro and Col. James Hamid assisted the investigators during the study. Drs. Lawrence Horwitz and Alan Nies provided consultation to the investigators on the study. S. Schear and M. Jones carefully prepared the manuscript, and E. Toyos the illustrations.

Also place in this paragraph indications of investigatorship, fellowship, thesis and/or tenure; studies performed elsewhere; and sabbaticals.

B. R. Pitt is a Parker B. Francis Fellow in Pulmonary Research. R. Moalli was a postdoctoral trainee in Lung Pharmacology and Pathophysiology.

A. W. Bell was on leave from the School of Agriculture, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3063, Australia.

APS editorial policy does not permit dedication of a paper to a deceased author or contributor (dedication in memoriam). When the authors ask for a dedication to be placed in their paper, a request that is frequently of significant emotional importance to them, we can accommodate it by rewording the statement without using the word "dedication" and placing it as the first sentence of the Acknowledgments. Acceptable versions could be as follows:

We express our appreciation to the late Dr. X, whose contribution to this work was of great significance.

We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the late Prof. Y to this paper.

Note that if the deceased contributor is one of the authors of the paper, a death dagger must be used on the front page.

Present Address

The present address is used for an author who is away from or no longer affiliated with the institution in the affiliation line.

Begin the paragraph with "Present address of [name]" followed by a colon. Delete degrees (M.D., Ph.D.) and job titles and use initials for first and middle names. Note that street addresses must be retained here.

Present address of Y. Yamada: Dept. of Anesthesia, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.

Use common abbreviations such as Dept., Ave., and Blvd., but do not abbreviate the name of the university or institution. For U.S. addresses, use the 2-letter state abbreviation and the U.S. zip code. For foreign addresses, follow the corresponding author's address for style.

For more than one present address, begin the paragraph with "Present addresses" followed by a colon. Separate individual addresses with semicolons.

Present addresses: J. Hartiala, Dept. of Physiology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku 52, Finland; C. Mapp, Instituto de Medicina del Lavoro, Universita degli Scudi di Padova, Via Facciolati 71, 35100 Padova, Italy.

Reprint requests

The address for reprint requests and other correspondence is styled similarly to the present address; however, this information is placed in a footnote on the first page, rather than in the acknowledgments.

Using the Toolkit

Use the Ťackť code to begin the acknowledgments section; use Ťpť codes for all subsequent paragraphs in the acknowledgments. There is no "ending" code for this section; it should be immediately followed by the reference section.

Note that the acknowledgments section is not required and can be left out completely. If such is the case, simply begin the reference section immediately after the end of the main text.